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Wood Construction: frame, stick-built, frame, temporary support, floor, wall, truss, sheath, roof

wood frame, stick-built, timber, temporary structures, lumber, insulation, fiberglass, truck crane, stud, truss, personnel lift, scissor lift.
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Wood frame, residential construction: Workers push second floor preframed dimension wood exterior wall frame up into position. Wall was framed on horizontal, either on the second floor on which workers are standing or at some other place on the site and then brought into this position by the tower crane. Workers push the 2"x4" diagonal braces to help push wall vertical, and the workers can pull on the braces to prevent the wall from overturning and falling. Once wall is in vertical position, the workers will nail the diagonal braces to the wood subfloor to hold the wall in vertical position and support it against lateral forces such as wind. Note the diagonal 2"x4" boards nailed on edge on both sides of the windows, which give the framed wall sufficient strength to resist lateral loads during construction. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004.
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Wood frame, residential construction: Workers push second floor preframed dimension wood exterior wall frame up into position. Wall was framed on horizontal, either on the second floor on which workers are standing or at some other place on the site and then brought into this position by the tower crane. Workers push the 2"x4" diagonal braces to help push wall vertical, and the workers can pull on the braces to prevent the wall from overturning and falling. Once wall is in vertical position, the workers will nail the diagonal braces to the wood subfloor to hold the wall in vertical position and support it against lateral forces such as wind. Note the diagonal 2"x4" boards nailed on edge on both sides of the windows, which give the framed wall sufficient strength to resist lateral loads during construction. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004.

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  • Rough wood framing for window: Frame around window must support downward forces above window from floor/roof joists or roof trusses above. In addition, there must be a small gap above the window itself so that any deflection of the framing under load will not bear on window and bind or break it. The joists/trusses above will bear on the double top plate, which is supported by a doubled wood header/lintel, here 2 – 2"x10" boards set on edge side by side and supported directly on one of the two studs on each side of the window. The window will be supported at its bottom by the sill, which is supported by short “cripple” studs below it. The frame is sheathed on the outside with wood oriented strand board, OSB, which is then covered with Tyvek wall wrap, as can be seen through the window hole. Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 2006.
  • Rough wood framing for door: Rough frame around door supports downward forces from floor/roof above. In addition, a small gap between rough frame and finished door frame prevents any deflection/warping of rough frame from deflecting/warping finished door frame and binding door. A double 2"x12" header supports short cripple studs that support double top plates that support floor joist(s) and loads the joist(s) carry. The joists above bear on the double top plate, which is supported by cripple studs supported by a doubled wood header/lintel, here 2 – 2"x12" set on edge side by side and supported directly on one of the two studs on each side of the door. Multiple studs beside the opening replace the studs that would be in the wall if there were no opening. Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 2006.
  • Rough wood framing for door: Rough frame around door supports downward forces from floor/roof above. A double 2"x12" header supports short cripple studs that support double top plates that support floor joist(s) and the loads the joist(s) carry. Joists are engineered oriented strand board/wood I joists, consisting of 2"x4" top and bottom flanges, grooved and glued in center to an OSB (oriented strand board) vertical web. The doubled 2"x12" wood header/lintel is supported directly on the two studs on each side of the door. Multiple studs beside the opening replace the studs that would be in the wall if there were no opening. Pencil marks on the lower top plate indicate position of cripple studs (an “O” at edge and vertical line in mid-opening) and full height stud (“X”), and the number “24” on the header indicates it is to be erected at door 24 on the rough frame erection drawing. Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 2006.
  • Rough wood framing for door: Rough frame around door supports downward forces from floor/roof above. A double 2"x12" header supports short cripple studs that support double top plates that support floor joist(s) and the loads the joist(s) carry. Joists are engineered oriented strand board/wood I joists, consisting of 2"x4" top and bottom flanges, grooved and glued in center to an OSB (oriented strand board) vertical web. The doubled 2"x12" wood header/lintel is supported directly on the two studs on each side of the door. Multiple studs beside the opening replace the studs that would be in the wall if there were no opening. Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 2006.
  • Wood frame section: Wood framing for exterior wall of new residence. The frame is made up of sections/modules, each fabricated by butt nailing through horizontal (when in final position) bottom and lower top 2"x4" plates into ends of 2"x4" vertical studs spaced 16" oc (16 inches on center). Exterior sheathing from 4'x8' sheets of wood oriented strand board (OSB) is then placed on top of the horizontal frame section and nailed to plates and studs. The section is then pushed up vertically into its permanent position. It is nailed through bottom plate and plywood subfloor into underlying floor platform edge joist/band. A second 2"x4” top plate is placed on top of the first and nailed to it. A gray line surround on photo identifies a section ~15' long, and 4 light brown circles indicate the joints/breaks at the 4 corners of the section. The upper top plate bridges/spans across the joints between sections to provide continuity in the completed frame. A dark brown circle shows a joint/break in the top plate. Abutting this section to its right is another frame section that includes a large window opening. Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 2006.
  • Wood frame section: Wood framing for exterior wall of new residence. The frame is made up of sections/modules, each fabricated by butt nailing through horizontal (when in final position) bottom and lower top 2"x4" plates into ends of 2"x4" vertical studs spaced 16" oc (16 inches on center). Window and door openings are framed, nailing into place multiple studs at openings supporting header/lintel at top and sill at bottom. Exterior sheathing from 4'x8' sheets of wood oriented strand board (OSB) is placed on top of the horizontal frame section and nailed to plates and studs. The section is then pushed up vertically into its permanent position. It is nailed through bottom plate and plywood subfloor into underlying floor platform edge joist/band. A second 2"x4” top plate is placed on top of the first and nailed to it. A gray line surround on photo identifies a section ~11' long that includes ~ 6' wide window opening, and 4 light brown circles indicate the joints/breaks at the 4 corners of the section. The upper top plate bridges/spans across the joints between sections to provide continuity in the completed frame. A dark brown circle shows a joint/break in the top plate. Abutting this section to its left is another frame section. Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 2006.
  • Wood frame: Top and bottom plate joints/breaks between residence wood frame modules. The modules to left and right of circled joints were framed and sheathed laying horizontally on the subfloor platform and then pushed up into position. The top plate was then nailed across the top and the bottom plates were nailed through the subfloor into the subfloor framing joists/band to provide sturdy support top and bottom for the frame modules. Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 2006.
  • Wood frame construction: SkyTrak 8042 4-wheel drive rough terrain 42 ft hydraulic telescoping boom 8,000 lb capacity fork lift holds contractors ladders high at end of day to avoid job site thievery. Arlington Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2005.
  • Wood frame construction: SkyTrak 8042 4-wheel drive rough terrain 42 ft hydraulic telescoping boom 8,000 lb capacity fork lift holds contractors ladders high at end of day to avoid job site thievery. Arlington Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2005.
  • Wood frame, residential construction: Workers push second floor preframed dimension wood exterior wall frame up into position. Wall was framed on horizontal, either on the second floor on which workers are standing or at some other place on the site and then brought into this position by the tower crane. After it has been pushed vertical, it will be supported in vertical position by diagonal braces as can be seen through the window of the wall panel to its left. Note the diagonal 2"x4" boards nailed on edge on both sides beside the windows, which give the framed wall sufficient strength to resist lateral loads during construction. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004.
  • Wood frame, residential construction: Workers push second floor preframed dimension wood exterior wall frame up into position. Wall was framed on horizontal, either on the second floor on which workers are standing or at some other place on the site and then brought into this position by the tower crane. Workers push the 2"x4" diagonal braces to help push wall vertical, and the workers can pull on the braces to prevent the wall from overturning and falling. Once wall is in vertical position, the workers will nail the diagonal braces to the wood subfloor to hold the wall in vertical position and support it against lateral forces such as wind. Note the diagonal 2"x4" boards nailed on edge on both sides of the windows, which give the framed wall sufficient strength to resist lateral loads during construction. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004.
  • Construction crane: Manitowac 2892SX boom truck lifts truss for wood frame residence. Hydraulic crane has 100 ft telescoping boom and 28.8 ton capacity. Boom truck has outriggers out to provide stability. Ann Arbor, 2004.
  • Construction crane: Manitowac 2892SX boom truck lifts truss for wood frame residence. Hydraulic crane has 100 ft telescoping boom and 28.8 ton capacity. Boom truck has outriggers out to provide stability. Ann Arbor, 2004.
  • Wood frame construction, crane: Potain HD40A self-erecting tower crane places pre-sheathed wood frame section onto 2nd floor. HD40A is portable, can unfold itself in less than a minute, can carry 8,800 lb maximum or 2200 lb at its largest reach of 115 ft. All residences shown were erected with similar lifting by this crane. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004.
  • Wood frame construction, crane: First story of set of attached (common walled) residential units has been framed with dimension lumber. Prefabricated wood trusses ate stacked in front of the units, bundled together with steel straps as delivered from factory by truck. Potain HD40A self-erecting tower crane in background will place the trusses up on the onto 2nd floor. HD40A is portable, can unfold itself in less than a minute, can carry 8,800 lb maximum or 2200 lb at its largest reach of 115 ft. Residences shown were erected simularly. The white sheet covering on the sheathed framing provides resistance to wind penetration without constraining moisture from traveling from inside to outside of building. Also evident in photo are several portable chemical toilets for worker use. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004
  • Wood frame construction, window: Framing for wide window in load-bearing wall. The stud frame wall supports the ends of horizontal wood trusses that support the floor above. This load is carried above the window opening with a custom ordered timber header (horizontal beam). The lightweight aluminum sliding window has a gap between its top and the header, so if the header deflects it will not bind the top of the window. The header and its loads are supported by 3-2"x4" studs on both sides of the window. <br /> <br /> Otherwise, the wall framing is typical of any wall: two horizontal plates at the top of the wall and one at bottom, 2x4 vertical studs at 16" on centers. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004
  • Wood frame construction: Two stories of dimension wood framing, shows studs at lower level supporting horizontal prefabricated wood trusses, which support subfloor above to form a floor platform. The framing for walls of that floor are then installed, and another set of trusses is placed on top of the double top plate of those stud walls to provide support for the subfloor of that next story. A variety of other details are also shown. Ann Arbor, Michigan 2004
  • Roof construction, aerial man lift: JLG 60H 60 platform height, 1,000 lb hydraulic telescoping boom aerial lift lifts two workers and plywood sheathing to roof of 4-story concrete block wall multi-unit residential building. The right-side worker is outside lift standing on roof sheathing, wearing body harness that is not connected to provide fall protection. Therefore, the only fall protection is the physical presence of the lift platform and guardrails. Roof framing is galvanized sheet metal trusses that supports plywood sheathing. Ft. Myer Beach, Florida November 2005.
  • Roof construction, aerial man lift: JLG 60H 60 platform height, 1,000 lb hydraulic telescoping boom aerial lift lifts two workers and plywood sheathing to roof of 4-story concrete block wall multi-unit residential building. The left-side worker is outside lift standing on roof sheathing, wearing body harness that is not connected to provide fall protection. Therefore, the only fall protection is the physical presence of the lift platform and guardrails. Roof framing is galvanized sheet metal trusses that supports plywood sheathing. Ft. Myer Beach, Florida November 2005.
  • Roof construction, aerial man lift: JLG 60H 60 platform height, 1,000 lb hydraulic telescoping boom aerial lift lifts two workers and plywood sheathing to roof of 4-story concrete block wall multi-unit residential building. Workers are outside lift standing on roof sheathing, wearing body harness that is not connected to provide fall protection. Therefore, the only fall protection is the physical presence of the lift platform and guardrails. Roof framing is galvanized sheet metal trusses that supports plywood sheathing. Ft. Myer Beach, Florida November 2005.
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