Steel construction: Structural ironworker inserts bolt through bottom flange plate and bottom flange of beam with left hand and screws on nut from top with right hand. Bottom flange plate was earlier welded to the steel column to left in the fabrication shop. This is the last of 5 bolts on the near side, to which another 5 bolts will be added in the bolt holes shown in background. All bolts will later be torqued tight to transfer forces from beam to bottom plate by friction. Notice the edge of the washers underneath the nuts, to allow easy turning of the nuts with low friction. Computer Science and Engineering Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 2004.

Steel construction: Structural ironworker inserts bolt through bottom flange plate and bottom flange of beam with left hand and screws on nut from top with right hand. Bottom flange plate was earlier welded to the steel column to left in the fabrication shop. This is the last of 5 bolts on the near side, to which another 5 bolts will be added in the bolt holes shown in background. All bolts will later be torqued tight to transfer forces from beam to bottom plate by friction. Notice the edge of the washers underneath the nuts, to allow easy turning of the nuts with low friction. Computer Science and Engineering Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 2004.